
W D E 2 1 7 0 - 0 0 0 7   E N T E R P R    WESTERN DIGITAL
                                                      Native|  Translation
                                                      ------+-----+-----+-----
Form                 3.5"/SLIMLINE         Cylinders        |     |     |
Capacity form/unform  2170/      MB        Heads           4|     |     |
Seek time   / track   8.0/ 1.0 ms          Sector/track     |     |     |
Controller           SCSI3 SI/WI/ULTR/FAS  Precompensation
Cache/Buffer           512 KB ADAP./SEGMEN Landing Zone
Data transfer rate   17.500 MB/S int       Bytes/Sector      512
                     40.000 MB/S ext SYNC
Recording method     PRML                           operating  | non-operating
                                                  -------------+--------------
Supply voltage     5/12 V       Temperature *C         5 55    |    -40 60
Power: sleep              W     Humidity     %        10 95    |      5 95
       standby            W     Altitude    km    -0.305  3.048| -0.305 12.192
       idle           7.1 W     Shock        g        10       |     70
       seek           9.6 W     Rotation   RPM      7200
       read/write         W     Acoustic   dBA
       spin-up       11.9 W     ECC        Bit   144,REED SOLOMON
                                MTBF         h    1000000
                                Warranty Month        60
Lift/Lock/Park     YES          Certificates



**********************************************************************
                        L   A   Y   O   U   T
**********************************************************************
WESTERN  WDE2170/4360 68-PIN ENTERPRISE  JUMPER SETTING

  +---------------------------------------------------------+
  |+-+                                                      |XX Power
  || | Option Block                                         |XX
  || |                                                      |+-+
  || |                                                      || |Option
  || |                                                      |+-+Block
  |+-+                                                      |XX
  |                                                         |XX
  |                                                         |XX
  |                68-Pin                                   |XX
  |                                                         |XX
  |                                                         |XX
  |                                                         |XX
  |                                                         |XX
  |                                                         |XX SCSI
  |                                                         |XX I/O
  |                                                         |XX
  +---------------------------------------------------------+



**********************************************************************
                      J   U   M   P   E   R   S
**********************************************************************
WESTERN  WDE2170/4360  INSTALLATION

 Jumper Setting
 ==============

 The drive is designed for use in a variety of systems. Therefore,
 several configuration options can be set using the option block on
 the front of the drive (end opposite the SCSI connector). In most
 cases you will not need to change the default settings for normal
 drive operation. However, some installations may require you to
 install or remove certain jumpers in order to meet system
 specifications.


SCSI ID Numbers
Each device on the SCSI bus requires a unique SCSI ID
 number (0 to 7).

 SCSI ID Numbers
 ---------------
 Each device on the SCSI bus requires a unique SCSI ID number
 (0 to 7 for 8-bit drives, 0 to 15 for 16-bit drives). Option
 block pin 1 through 8 are used to set the SCSI IDs. The host
 computer's SCSI controller typically uses ID number 7, and the other
 numbers are used for devices such as hard drives. The WD Enterprise
 has a default SCSI ID of 0.

 SCSI ID 8-bit
 -------------
   +----------+-----------------------+
   | SCSI ID  |        Jumpers        |
   |          | 5&6   | 3&4   | 1&2   |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+
   |x   0     | OPEN  | OPEN  | OPEN  |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    1     | OPEN  | OPEN  | CLOSED|
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    2     | OPEN  | CLOSED| OPEN  |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    3     | OPEN  | CLOSED| CLOSED|
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    4     | CLOSED| OPEN  | OPEN  |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    5     | CLOSED| OPEN  | CLOSED|
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    6     | CLOSED| CLOSED| OPEN  |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    7     | CLOSED| CLOSED| CLOSED|
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+

 SCSI ID - 16-bit
 ----------------
   +----------+-------------------------------+
   | SCSI ID  |       Jumper Location         |
   |          |             PINS              |
   |          |  7-8  |  5-6  |  3-4  |  1-2  |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    0     | OPEN  | OPEN  | OPEN  | OPEN  |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    1     | OPEN  | OPEN  | OPEN  | CLOSED|
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    2     | OPEN  | OPEN  | CLOSED| OPEN  |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    3     | OPEN  | OPEN  | CLOSED| CLOSED|
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    4     | OPEN  | CLOSED| OPEN  | OPEN  |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    5     | OPEN  | CLOSED| OPEN  | CLOSED|
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    6     | OPEN  | CLOSED| CLOSED| OPEN  |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    7     | OPEN  | CLOSED| CLOSED| CLOSED|
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    8     | CLOSED| OPEN  | OPEN  | OPEN  |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |    9     | CLOSED| OPEN  | OPEN  | CLOSED|
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |   10     | CLOSED| OPEN  | CLOSED| OPEN  |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |   11     | CLOSED| OPEN  | CLOSED| CLOSED|
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |   12     | CLOSED| CLOSED| OPEN  | OPEN  |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |   13     | CLOSED| CLOSED| OPEN  | CLOSED|
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |   14     | CLOSED| CLOSED| CLOSED| OPEN  |
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
   |   15     | CLOSED| CLOSED| CLOSED| CLOSED|
   +----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+


 SCAM
 ----
 SCSI ID Numbers
Each device on the SCSI bus requires a unique
 SCSI ID number (0 to 7)
 The WD Enterprise drive supports the SCSI Configured Automatically
 (SCAM) option, which automatically assigns SCSI ID numbers and
 resolves ID conflicts upon bootup. If your SCSI controller and other
 SCSI devices support SCAM, you do not need to manually assign a SCSI
 ID to the hard drive.

 Option block pins 17 and 18 are dedicated to the SCAM feature. To
 enable SCAM, install a jumper as shown. To disable SCAM, no jumper
 is required.

   +-34-32-30-28-26-24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8--6--4--2-+
   | o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   | o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   +-33-31-29-27-25-23-21-19-17-15-13-11-9--7--5--3--1-+


 Disable Auto Start
 ------------------
 The WD Enterprise drive can be configured to Auto Start, or
 automatically spin up when power is applied to the drive. If the
 drive is configured to disable Auto Start, it powers up, but will not
 spin up until a start unit command is issued by an operator.
 Option block pins 13 and 14 are dedicated to the Auto Start option.
 To disable Auto Start, install a jumper as shown. To enable
 Auto Start, no jumper is required.

   +-34-32-30-28-26-24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8--6--4--2-+
   | o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   | o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   +-33-31-29-27-25-23-21-19-17-15-13-11-9--7--5--3--1-+


 Auto Start Delay
 ----------------
 This feature delays the start-ip process to avoid an initial power
 surge when several drives are powered up at once. The delay time
 (default) is 4 seconds between drives, or the SCSI ID multiplied by 4
 seconds. Let's say you have three hard drives in your system, and
 they are set to SCSI IDs 0, 1, and 2. The drive assigned as ID 0 will
 power up immediately; the drive assigned to ID 1 will power up in 4
 seconds; and the drive assigned to ID 2 will power up in 8 seconds.
 NOTE: The 4 second delay time can be changed in the drive's mode
 parameter settings.

   +-34-32-30-28-26-24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8--6--4--2-+
   | o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   | o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   +-33-31-29-27-25-23-21-19-17-15-13-11-9--7--5--3--1-+

 Option block pins 15 and 16 are dedicated to the Auto Start Delay
 option. (This option is valid only if the Disable Auto Start jumper
 is not installed.) To enable Auto Start Delay, install a jumper as
 shown. To disable Auto Start Delay, no jumper is required.


 Disable Unit Attention
 ----------------------
 Whenever a target (WD Enterprise drive) has been reset by a power-on
 or reset sequence, it communicates a unit attention message to the
 initiator (host bus adapter).

 Option block pins 19 and 20 are dedicated to the Disable Unit
 Attention option. To disable unit attention, install a jumper as
 shown. To enable unit attention, no jumper is required.

   +-34-32-30-28-26-24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8--6--4--2-+
   | o  o  o  o  o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   | o  o  o  o  o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   +-33-31-29-27-25-23-21-19-17-15-13-11-9--7--5--3--1-+


 Disable Target Initiated Synchronous/Wide Negotiation
 -----------------------------------------------------
 During the power up sequence, the initiator (host bus adapter) and
 the target (WD Enterprise drive) negotiate and agree upon three
 items: bus width, bus speed, and synchronous/asynchronous data
 transfer. Either the initiator or the target can start the
 negotiation process, and once this process is completed successfully,
 all "data in" and "data out" phases will operate as determined during
 the handshake. The negotiation process is done only once, usually
 during start-up.

   +-34-32-30-28-26-24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8--6--4--2-+
   | o  o  o  o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   | o  o  o  o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   +-33-31-29-27-25-23-21-19-17-15-13-11-9--7--5--3--1-+

 Option block pins 21 and 22 are dedicated to the Disable Target
 Initiated Synchronous/Wide Negotiation option. To disable target
 initiated synchronous/wide negotiation, install a jumper as shown.
 To enable target initiated synchronous/wide negotiation, no jumper is
 required.


 SCSI Termination
 ----------------
 To ensure reliable communication, the SCSI bus must be properly
 terminated. Devices located at the physical ends of the SCSI bus
 should have their terminators enabled. All other devices must have
 their terminators disabled.

 Option block pins 23 and 24 are dedicated to the SCSI Termination
 option. To enable SCSI termination, install a jumper as shown.
 To disable SCSI termination, no jumper is required.

   +-34-32-30-28-26-24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8--6--4--2-+
   | o  o  o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   | o  o  o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   +-33-31-29-27-25-23-21-19-17-15-13-11-9--7--5--3--1-+


 Termination Power (TERMPWR)
 ---------------------------
 WD Enterprise drives have the ability to supply +5V to the SCSI bus
 for termination. Option block pins 27 and 28 are dedicated to
 TERMPWR. If you want the drive to supply TERMPWR to the SCSI bus,
 install a jumper as shown. To disable TERMPWR, no jumper is required.

 NOTE: Termination power from the hard drive is required only if the
 host bus adapter does not supply it. However, both devices can
 provide termination power with no detrimental effects to the system.

   +-34-32-30-28-26-24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8--6--4--2-+
   | o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   | o  o  o  X  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   +-33-31-29-27-25-23-21-19-17-15-13-11-9--7--5--3--1-+


 Spindle Synchronization
 -----------------------
 If you are installing two or more WD Enterprise hard drives, you can
 synchronize their spindles to reduce the latency associated with
 switching from one drive to another. Spindle sync allows the host to
 synchronize the index pulses of the drives at a specified offset.
 This means that the same numbered sector passes under the read/write
 head at the same time across all drives. For more details regarding
 the sync offset, refer to the Western Digital SCSI Implementation
 Guide (document number 4096-0011116) and the WD Enterprise Technical
 Reference Manual (document number 4079-001045).

 NOTE: The spindle sync feature is intended for use with like WD
 Enterprise drives only.

 Option block pin 12 is dedicated to Spindle Sync, as shown. To
 enable spindle sync, pin 12 must be connected on all drives that are
 to be in sync. (Pin 11 is ground).

   +-34-32-30-28-26-24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8--6--4--2-+
   | o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  *  o  o  o  o  o |
   | o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  *  o  o  o  o  o |
   +-33-31-29-27-25-23-21-19-17-15-13-11-9--7--5--3--1-+


 LED Support
 -----------
 If your system configuration allows the use of an activity LED
 external to the WD Enterprise drive, you can power the LED from the
 drive. Pins 10 and 29 are dedicated to LED support, as shown.
 To install an external activity LED, connect the positive lead
 (anode) of the LED to pin 29 and the negative lead (cathode) to pin
 10.

   +-34-32-30-28-26-24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8--6--4--2-+
   | o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  *  o  o  o  o |
   | o  o  *  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   +-33-31-29-27-25-23-21-19-17-15-13-11-9--7--5--3--1-+

 NOTE: These pins can be used to power an LED located on the front of
 the drive, or an external LED in systems where the front of the drive
 cannot be seen.


 Reserved Pins
 -------------
 There are a number of pins on the option block that are reserved for
 development and manufacturing purposes:

 - Pins 25 and 26

 - Pin 30

 - Pins 31 and 32

 - Pins 33 and 34

 - Key slot (prevents incorrect installation of connector)

   +-34-32-30-28-26-24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8--6--4--2-+
   | x  x  x  o  x  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   | x  x  o  o  x  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o |
   +-33-31-29-27-25-23-21-19-17-15-13-11-9--7--5--3--1-+


 Mode Select Options
 -------------------
 Certain configuration parameters can be altered by using the SCSI
 Mode Select command. Some examples include Read/Write Error Recovery
 Page, Format Device Page, and Caching Page. The Mode Select command
 allows drive characteristics to be customized to meet your system
 requirements. Refer to the Western Digital SCSI Implementation Guide
 (document number 4096-001116) for more information.


 Remote Option Block
 -------------------
 WD Enterprise 68-pin drives are equipped with a remote option block
 that allows you to set SCSI IDs and enable select options such as
 termination, spindle synchronization, and LED power. Customers using
 the remote option block typically use a pre-fabricated cable for
 convenient connection to the host. Do not use jumpers on this option
 block. For more information, refer to the WD Enterprise Technical
 Reference Manual (document number 4079-001045).



**********************************************************************
                      I   N   S   T   A   L   L
**********************************************************************
WESTERN  WDE2170/4360 ENTERPRISE INSTALLATION

 Notes On Installation
 =====================

 MOUNTING RESTRICTIONS
 ---------------------
 The WD Enterprise drive is a precision mechanical assembly. Since
 improper mounting may distort the drive frame and impair its proper
 function, mounting the drive securely will ensure maximum
 performance.

 Western Digital provides technical support to those customers
 requiring assistance with mounting design. Some customers may wish to
 review their system mechanical design and system grounding
 architecture to optimize drive performance and ensure compliance with
 the various electromagnetic compatibility regulations in the markets
 being served.


 Ventilation
 -----------
 The ambient temperature surrounding the drive must not exceed 131*F
 (55*C). The enclosure used to house the drive should supply
 sufficient airflow around the drive and printed circuit board
 assembly (PCBA) to maintain temperatures at or below the temperatures
 defined in the Reference section of this manual. Operation above this
 level may adversely affect the drive's performance.


 Orientation
 -----------
 The drive features both bottom and side mounting holes.


 Mounting
 --------
 Four 6-32 UNC screws are used to mount the drive. To avoid stripping
 the mounting-hole threads, the maximum torque applied to the screws
 should not exceed 6.0 in-lb. (0.675 N-m). Be aware of the following:

 - The drive features four mounting holes on either side of the drive
   and four mounting holes on the bottom.

 - The maximum allowable penetration of the screws is 0.150" (3.8 mm).
   This length allows full use of the mounting-hole threads, while
   avoiding damage or stress to the PCBA.


 SCSI CABLE LENGTH RESTRICTIONS
 ------------------------------
 Single-ended SCSI drives allow cable lengths of up to 6 meters (19.68
 feet). Users who plan to use "Fast" and "Ultra Fast" data transfers
 with single-ended models should follow all the ANSI SCSI guidelines
 for these operations. Differential SCSI drives allow cable lengths of
 up to 25 meters (82.02 feet). Cables must meet the requirements for
 differential cables as set forth in the ANSI SCSI standard.

 Drives equipped with a SCA-2 connector are not designed for direct
 cable attachment due to the combination of power and SCSI bus
 signals. The ANSI SCSI standard states that any stub from the main
 cable must not exceed 0.1 meters (.32 feet) for single-ended cables
 and 0.2 meters (.65 feet) for differential cables.
 +-----------+-----------------+------------+-------------+
 | Bus Type  |Properly         |Single-ended|Differential |
 +-----------+-----------------+------------+-------------+
 | SCSI-1    |Max. bus length  |   6m       |    25m      |
 +-----------+-----------------+------------+-------------+
 | SCSI-2    |Max. bus length  |   6m       |    25m      |
 +-----------+-----------------+------------+-------------+
 | Fast SCSI2|Max. bus length  |   3m       |    25m      |
 +-----------+-----------------+------------+-------------+
 | Ultra SCSI|Max. bus length  |   3m       |    25m      |
 |           |point-to-point   |            |             |
 |           |Max. bus length  |   6m       |    25m      |
 |           |multi-drop       |  15m       |    25m      |
 +-----------+-----------------+------------+-------------+
 | All       |Max. stub length |  0.1m      |    0.2m     |
 |           |Min. stup specing|  0.3m      |    0.3m     |
 +-----------+-----------------+------------+-------------+


 CONNECTOR TYPES
 ===============
 50-pin SCSI Connector
 ---------------------
 50-pin models use a high density connector which is compatible with
 ANSI SCSI "A" style connector specifications. It can transfer data in
 8-bit (narrow) mode only.

 68-pin SCSI Connector
 ---------------------
 68-pin models use a high density connector which is compatible with
 ANSI SCSI "P" style connector specifications. It can transfer data in
 8-bit (narrow) and 16-bit (wide) modes. Both single-ended and
 differential SCSI versions are available.

 80-pin SCSI Connector
 ---------------------
 80-pin models use a Single Connector Attachment (SCA-2) connector
 which is designed for backplane connections. It can transfer data in
 8-bit (narrow) and 16-bit (wide) modes.


 MULTIPLE DRIVE INSTALLATIONS
 ----------------------------
 If your system requires multiple devices, you may install up to eight
 SCSI devices (including the host bus adapter) on an 8-bit SCSI bus;
 up to sixteen SCSI devices (including the host bus adapter) on a
 16-bit SCSI bus, or up to 32 devices (including the host bus adapter)
 on a 16- bit SCSI bus with a dual processor host bus adapter.


 INSTALLING THE DRIVE
 --------------------
 Because the Enterprise WDE2170 and WDE4360 drives are compatible with
 a wide range of computer systems and host bus adapters, this manual
 does not include system-specific information. If the information
 contained in the following sections does not adhere to your setup,
 refer to your computer system documentation for further details.


 POWER CONNECTORS AND CABLE
 --------------------------
 50-pin Power Connector: AMP 2-in-1 (or equivalent)
 Mating Connector: 1 by 4

 PC power connector
 Power Cable: 18 AWG 68-pin
 Power Connector: Molex 3-in-1 combo (or equivalent)
 Mating Connector: 1 by 4 PC power connector
 Power Cable: 18 AWG 80-pin SCA-2 Connector



**********************************************************************
                      F   E   A   T   U   R   E  S
**********************************************************************
WESTERN  WDE2170/4360  ENTERPRISE  INSTALLATION

 Introduction
 ------------
 Please review this installation guide before you install your WD
 Enterprise hard drive. If you require assistance, contact our
 technical support staff at 1-888-WDC-SCSI.


 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
 -------------------
 WD Enterprise hard drives are 3.5-inch, high-performance SCSI drives
 designed for use in workstation, server, multi-user, array, and
 audio/video applications. They feature outstanding performance,
 capacity, and reliability.

 These drives feature formatted capacities of 2.1 GB and 4.3 GB. They
 are compliant with SCSI-3 SPI, support Ultra Fast (50-pin) and Ultra
 Fast Wide (68-pin) host data transfer rates up to 40 MB/s, and offer
 an SCA-2 (80-pin) interface. The WD Enterprise drives offer an
 average read seek time of 8 ms and a media transfer rate of up to 140
 Mbits/s.

 There are currently two models available in the WD Enterprise series:
 the WDE4360 and WDE2170. The "WDE" prefix represents the Western
 Digital Enterprise group of products and the four numeric digits
 denote the drive's capacity in megabytes. The model number listed on
 the product label may include additional customer-specific
 information.


 PRODUCT FEATURES
 ----------------
 The WD Enterprise drive offers the following features:

 - Advanced Caching - Including Read and Write Caching, Pre-fetch, and
   Adaptive Caching

 - Command Queuing - Supports both tagged and untagged queuing;
   command reordering maximizes the drive performance by minimizing
   latency and seek time.

 - S.M.A.R.T. (Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology) - A
   hard drive firmware technology that performs drive failure
   prediction by monitoring selected parameters during normal drive
   operations.

 - SCAM (SCSI Configure Automatically) Level 2 Compliant - Eases user
   configuration of SCSI ID's and hot plugging on single and multiple
   drive systems.

 - Error Correction Code (ECC) - ECC on-the-fly is a feature
   that allows some ECC errors to be corrected in hardware with no
   delays to data transfer.

 - 512 KB Data Buffer - The entire data buffer is user accessible. A 1
   MB option is also available.


 General Information - Handling Precautions
 ------------------------------------------
 The WD Enterprise hard drive is designed to withstand normal
 handling during unpacking and installation. Care must be taken to
 avoid excessive mechanical shock or electrostatic discharge (ESD)
 that can permanently damage the drive and void the warranty.

 Be aware of the following precautions when unpacking and installing
 the WD Enterprise drive:

 - Do not unpack the hard drive until you are ready to install it.

 - Handle the drive by the sides only and avoid touching the circuit
   board components and connectors.

 - Do not attempt to remove the drive cover. Servicing components in
   the sealed compartment requires special cleanroom facilities.
   Failure to observe this restriction will void the warranty.

 - For additional handling information, refer to the Western Digital
   3.5-inch Drive Handling Guide (document number SO999).


 BEFORE INSTALLING THE DRIVE
 ---------------------------
 NOTE: Record the hard drive's model number and serial number before
 you begin the installation. Be sure that you have the following items
 prior to installing the WD Enterprise drive:

 - Computer system manual

 - Operating system manual

 - Host bus adapter manual

 - Non-magnetic screwdriver

 You may also need:
 - Jumper shunts, if you change the drive configuration. Jumper shunt
   are available from your local computer dealer or from Western
   Digital technical support.

 - Interface cable (for 50-pin or 68-pin models)

 - A drive tray or mounting rails, depending upon system requirements

 - Additional power cable(s)

 Western Digital provides technical support to those customers
 requiring assistance with mounting design. Some customers may wish to
 review their system mechanical design and system grounding
 architecture to optimize drive performance and ensure compliance with
 the various electromagnetic compatibility regulations in the markets
 being served.


 Mode Select Options
 -------------------
 Certain configuration parameters can be altered by using the SCSI
 Mode Select command. Some examples include Read/Write Error Recovery
 Page, Format Device Page, and Caching Page. The Mode Select command
 allows drive characteristics to be customized to meet your system
 requirements. Refer to the Western Digital SCSI Implementation Guide
 (document number 4096-001116) for more information.



**********************************************************************
                      G   E   N   E   R   A   L
**********************************************************************
WESTERN   TIPS

 WESTERN DIGITAL 3.5-INCH DRIVES FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
 ----------------------------------------------------------
 1) Will a Caviar drive work in my system?
   If your computer is 100% AT compatible and has either a 40-pin AT
   IDE interface on the motherboard or an IDE controller card with a
   40-pin data cable.

 2) What are the master/slave jumper settings on Western Digital
    drives?
    All Western Digital drives are configured the same. On the back of
    the drive between the 4-pin power connector and the 40-pin data
    connector, there is a jumper block J8 consisting of 6 pins.
    Western Digital hard drives are shipped with a jumper shunt in the
    neutral storage position (across pins 5 and 3) for future dual
    drive use.

 - If you are installing the Western Digital hard drive as the only
   hard drive in your system, leave the jmper shunt in the neutral
   storage posiition. Jumper shunts are not required for single hard
   drive installations.

 - To designate the Western Digital hard drive as the master (C:),
   place a jumper shunt on pins 5-6

 - To designate the Western Digital hard drive as the slave (D:),
   place a jumper shunt on pins 3-4.

 3) What are the drive type and the drive parameters in the CMOS, for
    Western Digital drives?
    On top of the drive, the number of cylinders, heads and sectors
    per track are printed on the label. Precomp and L-zone should be
    set equal to the drive's cylinder count + 1. Select user type or
    custom type (typically type 41 or 42) for your drive. This will
    allow you to type in the parameters. Older systems that do not
    offer a user type can either upgrade the system BIOS or set the
    drive to drive type 1 (which should be a smaller drive size), and
    run Ontrack Disk Manager from A drive to get the full capacity of
    the drive. If you do not follow one of these procedures and your
    system is pre-1994, you will be limited to the largest size drive
    your BIOS will allow.

 4) What is the Ontrack Disk Manager software that came with my drive
    and what does it do?
    Ontrack Disk Manager is the original hard disk installation
    package that will initialize, partition, and prepare your hard
    drive for use. Ontrack Disk Manager also allows you to access the
    full capacity of the drive even when your system BIOS can't. It is
    compatible with 32-bit disk access.

 Note: Ontrack Disk Manager must be installed from floppy drive A. If
 your A drive is a 5.25-inch floppy drive, copy the contents of your
 Ontrack Disk Manager disk to a formatted 5.25-inch disk and re-run
 Ontrack Disk Manager.

 5) I just installed Ontrack Disk Manager on my Caviar drive and tried
    to install DOS. DOS attempted to write to my drive and it
    formatted my drive back to 528 MB which is my BIOS limitation. How
    do I install DOS and still get the full capacity of my drive?
    After Ontrack Disk Manager installation, you must create an
    Ontrack Disk Manager rescue disk. There are two ways of
    accomplishing this:

 OPTION 1:
 - Create a clean DOS bootable disk.

 - Copy 2 files from the Ontrack Disk Manager disk to your bootable
   disk: XBIOS.OVL, and DMDRVR.BINs Create a CONFIG.SYS file on this
   bootable disk with these 3 lines: DEVICE=DMDRVR.BIN FILES=35
   BUFFERS=35

 - Remove the floppy and reboot the system.

 - When you see the message "Press spacebar to boot from diskette",
   press the spacebar (system halts).

 - Insert the rescue disk in the A: drive.

 - Press any key (system resumes boot process).

 - At the A: prompt, remove rescue disk, insert DOS installation disk
   and type SETUP.

 - You can now install DOS without overwriting the Ontrack Disk
   Manager files.

 OPTION 2:

 - Create a clean DOS bootable disk.

 - Insert Ontrack Disk Manager disk in the A: drive.

 - At the A prompt, type: DMCFIG/D=A:. You will be prompted to insert
   a bootable floppy in the A: drive.

 - Follow the prompts on the screen. Ontrack Disk Manager will ask you
   to change disks a few times.

 - Continue until Ontrack Disk Manager is finished.

 - Remove the floppy and reboot the system.

 - When you see the message "Press spacebar to boot from diskette".
   Press the spacebar (system halts).

 - Insert the rescue disk in A drive.

 - Press any key (system resumes boot process).

 - At A prompt, remove rescue disk, insert DOS installation disk and
   type SETUP.

 - You can now install DOS without overwriting the Ontrack Disk
   Manager files.

 6) CHKDSK or SCANDISK reports a few bad sectors. How do I go about
    fixing the problem.
    You can use the Western Digital defect management utility WDATIDE.
    One of its options is the comprehensive surface analysis. This
    procedure will mark all grown defects bad if indeed there are any
    and it will compensate for the lost capacity by utilizing spare
    tracks.

 Note: This utility is data destructive. Back up all data on the drive
 before using it. Due to the thoroughness of this operation, WDATIDE
 can take quite a bit a time depending on the capacity of your drive.

 7) Do I have to do anything with my original drive when adding a new
    drive to my system?
    Yes, one hard drive must be designated as the master drive
    (preferably the newer, faster drive) and the other must be
    designated as the slave drive. Typically, most drives need to have
    a jumper placed on them to specify the Master or Slave position.
    For information on non-Caviar hard drives, please contact the
    appropriate manufacturer.

 8) I installed my new drive and entered the drive parameters in the
    CMOS, but the drive will not boot or it displays the message "HDD
    controller failure."
    Your drive must be partitioned and formatted before it will be
    bootable. If your system will support drives larger than 528 MB,
    and you have a copy of MS-DOS or PC-DOS version 5.0 or greater,
    insert the setup diskette in your floppy drive and turn on your
    computer. Follow the prompts and DOS will partition and format the
    drive for you.

 If you do not have a copy of MS-DOS or PC-DOS version 5.0 or greater,
 you will need to boot from a bootable disk and then run the FDISK
 command to partition your drive, and then format the drive using the
 DOS FORMAT command. After running format, you should be able to
 reboot your computer from your hard drive.

 9) How can I use the full capacity of my Caviar drive of 540 MB or
    greater?
    You can use Ontrack Disk Manager to obtain full capacity if your
    system does not support LBA mode. If your system does support LBA
    mode, you can enable LBA in your CMOS setup utility.

 10) How can I get 32-Bit Disk Access in Windows on my Caviar AC2540,
     AC2700 or AC31000 in Windows 3.1x? If your BIOS supports the
     drive at full capacity (i.e., the BIOS supports Logical Block
     Addressing) you use WDCDRV.386, Western Digital's FastDisk device
     driver. This driver is contained in a file named WIN31.EXE
     available for downloading from our bulletin board (714/753-1234),
     our Web server (WWW.WDC.COM), our FTP site (FTP.WDC.COM), our
     forum on the Microsoft Network (Go word WDC), and our forum on
     America On-line (keyword WDC). If your BIOS does not support LBA
     mode and you have installed your drive using Ontrack Disk Manager
     (v6.03 and above), run DMCFIG to install WDCDRV.386 and obtain
     32-Bit Disk Access.

 11) My drive will not spin up or spins down after a few seconds.
     This is a drive failure. Return the drive to the distributor or
     contact a technical support representative to receive a Return
     Materials Authorization (RMA).

 12) CMOS, FDISK and File Manager in Windows report less than the
     capacity of my new drive, but CHKDSK reports the right number of
     bytes. Which is correct?
     Setup (CMOS) and FDISK use a binary definition of a megabyte
     which is calculated at 1,048,256 bytes per megabyte. All hard
     drive manufacturers and the DOS CHKDSK utility use a decimal
     definition of a megabyte which is calculated at 1,000,000 bytes
     per megabyte. This is why some utilities show 515 MB for a 540
     megabyte drive and some show the actual number.

 13) How Can I install OS/2 for Windows, OS/2 3.0 WARP, Windows NT
     3.5x or Windows 95 on my drive which was initially installed
     using Ontrack Disk Manager?
     If you have Ontrack Disk Manager version 6.03, 6.03a, or 6.03b,
     download the file named DMPATCH.EXE from Western Digital's online
     services: ftp site: ftp.wdc.com

 World Wide Web Site: http://www.wdc.com/
 Microsoft Network (MSN) - Go word WDC
 America Online (AOL) - Keyword: Western Digital
 Western Digital's BBS at (714) 753-1234
 This file has the latest Ontrack Disk Manager drivers which will
 allow you to install OS/2 version 2.1x, OS/2 WARP, Windows NT 3.5x
 or Windows 95 on your hard drive. Please read the included readme
 file with this file for further detail.

 14) My drive will work as a slave but not as a master (or vice-
 versa).
 Check master/slave jumpers on all drives. Also, some drive's speed
 and timing differ drastically as to the initial spinup sequence. This
 might confuse the system and cause one of the drives not to be
 recognized. The best solution for this situation is to exchange
 drives (make the master a slave and vice-versa).

 15) My drive will not partition when I run FDISK. It hangs the system
     or it displays the message: "Runtime error."
     This is usually caused by corruption or damage to track zero. Use
     the Western Digital utility WDFMT to format the drive. If that
     does not help, call Western Digital Technical support at
     1-800-ASK-4-WDC to get further instructions.

 16) Can a hard drive be mounted on it's side, edge, or upside down?
     Drives can be mounted on any side but it is preferable to mount
     the drive right side up. It is also important to use all four
     screws to hold the drive firmly in place.


 Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.)
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 S.M.A.R.T. enables a drive's internal status to be monitored through
 diagnostic commands at the host level.

 The Caviar AC21600, AC32100 and AC32500 drives monitor read error
 rate, start/stop count, spin-up retry count, and drive calibration
 retry count. All of these attributes are updated and stored on the
 hard drive in the reserved area of the disk. The hard drive also
 stores a set of attribute thresholds that correspond to the
 calculated attribute values. Each attribute threshold indicates the
 point at which its corresponding attribute value achieves a negative
 reliability status.
 ====================================================================

  QUESTION
  Which hard drive specification is most important to overall
  system performance ?

 - Host Transfer Rate
 - Drive RPM (revolutions per minute)
 - Disk Transfer Rate (Media Rate)
 - Seek Time
 - Cache Size
 - PC Data Handling
 - All of the above

 Answer
 The correct answer is actually a combination of "all of the above,"
 keeping in mind most of the above specifications are interrelated
 when it comes to optimizing system performance.

 The pie chart illustrates the relative influence of factors affecting

 drive performance during a typical random I/O operation (reading
 and writing to a hard drive).

 The major determinate of hard drive performance is mechanical
 factors which are one hundred times slower than the high-speed
 electronics contained in a drive.


 Factors Affecting Hard Drive Performance
 (In their relative order of importance)

 MECHANICAL LATENCIES
 Mechanical Latencies include both Seek Time and Rotational
 Latency. The seek time is a measure (in milliseconds) of how
 fast the hard drive can move its read/write heads to a desired
 location. Rotational latency is a measure of the average time
 (also in milliseconds) the read/write heads must wait for the
 target sector on the disk to pass under them once the read/write
 heads are moved to the desired target track.

 Mechanical latencies are the main hindrance to higher performance
 in modern Enhanced IDE (EIDE) hard drives. The time delays of
 mechanical latencies are one hundred times higher than
 electronic (non-mechanical) latencies associated with the
 transferring of data. Therefore, reducing mechanical latencies
 (a lowering of seek time and rotational latency) should be the
 top consideration in improving hard drive performance.

 RPM
 This is the rotational speed of the media (disk), also referred
 to as the spindle speed. Hard drives only spin at one constant
 speed. Typical speeds are 3600 to 3880, 4500, and 5200 to 5400
 revolutions per minute. The slower the RPM, the higher the
 Mechanical Latencies. Disk RPM is a critical component of hard
 drive performance because it directly impacts the rotational latency
 and the Disk Transfer Rate explained below.

 DISK TRANSFER RATE
 The Disk Transfer Rate (sometimes called media rate) is the
 speed at which data is transferred to and from the disk media
 (actual disk platter) and is a function of the recording frequency.
 Typical units are bits per second (BPS), or bytes per second.
 Modern hard disks have an increasing range of Disk Transfer
 Rates from the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the disk.
 This is called a "zoned" recording technique.

 The key media recording parameters relating to density per platter
 are Tracks Per Inch (TPI) and Bits Per Inch (BPI). A track is a
 circular ring around the disk. TPI is the number of these tracks
 that can fit in a given area (inch). BPI defines how many bits
 can be written onto one inch of a track on a disk surface. To
 greatly simplify, the Disk Transfer Rate (the rate at which data
 is read and written to the disk) is dependent upon the speed of
 the disk (RPM) and the density of the data on the disk (BPI).
 Even most modern, high-speed, 5000 RPM hard drives are generally
 limited to a maximum Disk Transfer Rate of approximately 9 to 10
 MB per second. This specification is critical to performance and
 must be weighed carefully against such electronic latencies as
 Mode 3 PIO and Mode 4 PIO host transfer rates explained below.

 PC DATA HANDLING
 After the data moves down the IDE cable from the drive to the host
 interface, there are several factors that can affect drive
 performance over which the hard drive has no control. PC Data
 Handling is independent from the hard drive and very dependent
 upon the CPU type and speed, the BIOS overhead (how the system
 issues commands to the hard drive), speed and size of the system
 RAM and RAM cache, CPU-to-memory speed, and storage subsystem
 performance. PC Data Handling is also affected by the caching
 methods of such software applications as SMARTDRIVE, 32-bit
 disk access operating system drivers, etc.

 HOST TRANSFER RATE
 The speed at which the host computer can transfer data across the
 IDE or EIDE interface. Processor Input/Output (PIO) modes and
 Direct Memory Access (DMA) modes are defined in the ATA-2 industry
 specification as follows:

 Mode 3 PIO  11.1 MB/sec
 Mode 4 PIO  16.6 MB/sec
 Mode 1 DMA  13.3 MB/sec
 Mode 2 DMA  16.6 MB/sec

 Modern host computer systems usually support most of the above
 modes. Faster Host Transfer Rates in the future will use multi-word
 DMA modes as the industry will not support any future PIO mode
 standards beyond mode 4.

 The computer system manufacturer is responsible for implementing a
 Host Transfer Rate that is high enough to ensure that the host
 computer is not the performance bottleneck. Implementing
 increasingly higher Host Transfer Rates without corresponding
 increases in Disk Transfer Rates on the hard drive will not result
 in increased drive performance.


 Cache Buffer Size - Is Bigger Always Better ?
 A Cache Buffer is similar to a water glass. When you are writing
 to a hard drive, the host computer fills the glass and the disk
 media empties it. If you are reading data from a hard drive, the
 disk media fills the glass and the host computer empties it.

 The reason that a bigger cache buffer is not always better
 (or faster) is because the host computer (with Mode 4 PIO or
 Mode 2 DMA capabilities) can empty or fill the glass much faster
 than the hard drive can empty or fill it. When the host system can
 transfer data in or out of the cache buffer faster than the media
 rate, a larger buffer size becomes irrelevant because the host
 system is always "waiting" for the hard drive.

 Western Digital hard drives are designed with cache buffer sizes
 that are matched to the Disk Transfer Rate capabilities of the
 drive and the Host Transfer Rates of modern computer systems. All
 of our drives are benchmarked with various cache buffer sizes to
 verify that the most cost-effective and performance-effective
 cache size is implemented.


 Confusion Over Mode 4 and Mode 2 DMA
 The Enhanced IDE program created the long-range road map for
 performance enhancements which included faster disk and host
 transfers, Mode 3, Mode 4, Mode 2 DMA, etc. Currently, computer
 systems and hard drive controller silicon have most of the elements
 needed to implement Mode 4 PIO or Mode 2 DMA (a 16.6 MB/sec Host
 Transfer Rate). However, to take advantage of these performance
 modes, physical drive architecture must also make some performance
 improvements in the area of Mechanical Latencies and Disk Transfer
 Rate (media rate) as defined earlier.

 Some competitors, in their eagerness to supply a new feature, are
 prematurely marketing Mode 4 and Mode 2 DMA. While their drive
 controller silicon supports these modes (which is very easy and
 inexpensive to implement), spindle speeds (RPM), rotational latency,
 bit density, and other factors have not yet been improved (these
 being very difficult and costly). The result is hard drives which
 have the electronic capability to do Mode 4 and Mode 2 DMA transfer
 rates, but can't take advantage of these modes due to the slower
 Disk Transfer Rate of the drive.

 Western Digital will not be implementing Mode 4 or Mode 2 DMA on
 older drive products as the host systems into which these drives
 are designed are not electrically capable of these data transfers,
 nor are the Disk Transfer Rates on these drives beyond current Mode
 3 capabilities. As next generation systems are introduced, they will
 be paired with next generation drives. Those drives will require
 and offer true Mode 4 / Mode 2 DMA capability from a total drive
 architecture standpoint.
 =====================================================================
 AC2540/2635/2700/2850/21000/31000/31200/31600

 Windows 95 Operating System Addendum
 ------------------------------------
 The information in this addendum supersedes that supplied in Windows
 95 section on pages 35 and 36 of this manual. Please refer to thos
 addendum for Windows 95 questions.

 Although Windows 95 is capable of recognizing the full capacity of
 hard drives larger than 528 MB in systems with a translating BIOS,
 some restrictions apply to systems without a translating BIOS.


 For Systems With a Translating BIOS
 -----------------------------------
 Enter your CMOS setup and select a drive type that will recognize the
 full capacity of your drive. This is usually done by selecting the
 auto config drive tape. The boot partition can be set up to be as
 large as the full capacity of your hard drive.


 For Systems Without a Translating BIOS
 --------------------------------------
 Enter your CMOS setup and select a user defined drive type. Enter
 these parameters: cylinders = 1024, heads = 16, sectors = 63. Your
 system's total disk space will be limited to a maximum of 528MB.

 If you want your system to utilize more than 528 MB of disk space,
 you must use Ontrack's Disk Manager software (or a similar third-
 party installation software).


 Installing Windows 95 on a Hard Drive with Ontrack Disk Manager
 Already Installed
 ---------------------------------------------------------------
 The Windows 95 installation program will analyze your computer
 system and install seamlessly with Ontrack Disk Manager.


 Computer Systems with Windows 95 Already Installed
 --------------------------------------------------
 If you are installing a Western Digital hard drive and Ontrack Disk
 Manager on a computer system with Windows 95 already installed, you
 must install Ontrack Disk Manager as described here.

 Enter your CMOS setup and select a user defined drive type. Enter
 these parameters for drives with capacities over 528MB:
         Cylinders = 1024, Heads = 16, Sectors = 63.

 Save these changes and reboot your computer.

 1. Select the Start icon from the Windows 95 main screen.
    DO NOT open an MS-DOS menu from Win 95 to install Ontrack Disk
    Manager.

 2. Choose the Shut Down option.

 3. Select Resatrt Computer in DOS mode. When your computer restarts,
    you should be at the DOS prompt.

 4. Install Ontrack Disk Manager.

 Windows 95 will noe recognize the full capacity of your hard drive
 and run in 32-bit disk access mode for optimum performance.


