
F I R E B A L L   T M   1 2 8 0 A T    QUANTUM
                                                      Native|  Translation
                                                      ------+-----+-----+-----
Form                 3.5"/SLIMLINE         Cylinders        | 2484|     |
Capacity form/unform  1281/      MB        Heads           2|   16|     |
Seek time   / track  12.0/ 3.0 ms          Sector/track     |   63|     |
Controller           IDE / ATA2 FAST/ENHA  Precompensation
Cache/Buffer           128 KB DYNAMIC      Landing Zone
Data transfer rate    6.670 MB/S int       Bytes/Sector      512
                     16.670 MB/S ext PIO4
Recording method     PRML 16/17                     operating  | non-operating
                                                  -------------+--------------
Supply voltage     5/12 V       Temperature *C           55    |    -40 65
Power: sleep          0.7 W     Humidity     %        10 90    |      5 95
       standby        1.2 W     Altitude    km    -0.200  3.000| -0.200 12.000
       idle           3.7 W     Shock        g        10       |     70
       seek           6.4 W     Rotation   RPM      4500
       read/write     6.4 W     Acoustic   dBA        30
       spin-up       17.6 W     ECC        Bit   224BIT REED SOLOMON,ON THE...
                                MTBF         h     400000
                                Warranty Month
Lift/Lock/Park     YES          Certificates     CISPR22,CSA,FCC,TUV,UL1950


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QUANTUM  FIREBALL TM 1.0/1.2/1.7/2.1/2.5/3.2/3.8 AT  PRODUCT MANUAL


  +-----------+---------------------------------------------+
  |           |                               JP1+-+-+-+-+  |XX
  ++          | +-+                              +-+-+-+-+PK|XX
  |+----------+-+ |                              SP DS CS   |XX
  |+----------+-+ |                                         |XX
  ++          | +-+                                         |XX AT-Bus
  |           |                                             |XX
  |           |                                             |XX J1C
  |           |                                             |XX
  |           |                                             |XX
  |           |                                             |XX
  |           |                                             |XX1
  |           |                                             |xx J1B
  |           |                                             |XX Power
  |           |                                             |xx
  |           |                                             |XX Power
  +-----------+---------------------------------------------+xx J1A



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                      J   U   M   P   E   R   S
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QUANTUM  FIREBALL TM AT  PRODUCT MANUAL 81-111394-01  8/1996

 Jumper setting
 ==============

 The AT PCB has two jumper locations provided for configuration
 options in a system. These jumpers are used to configure the drive
 for master/slave operation in a system. The default configuration for
 the drive as shipped from the factory is with a jumper accross the
 DS location and open positions in the CS and PK positions.


 JP1  Drive Select/Cable Select/Slave Present
 --------------------------------------------
 +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+
 |CS |DS |PK | Pin 28|           Description                       |
 +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+
 | 0 | 0 | X |   X   |Drive configured as a slave.                 |
 +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+
 | 1 | X | X | OPEN  |Drive configured as Slave.                   |
 +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+
 | 0 | 1 | X |   X   |Drive is configured as Master.               |
 +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+
 | 1 | X | X | GND   |Drive is configured as Master.               |
 +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+

 NOTE
 In the table below, a 0 indicates that the jumper is removed, a 1
 indicates that the jumper is installed, and an X indicates that the
 jumper setting does not matter.


 CS  Cable Select Jumper
 -----------------------
 When two Fireball TM 1.0/1.2/1.7/2.1/2.5/3.2/3.8AT hard disk drives
 are daisy-chained together, they can be configured as Master or
 Slave by using the CS jumper or by using the DS jumpers. To
 configure the drive as a Master or Slave with the CS feature, the
 CS jumper is installed.

 Once you install the CS jumper, the drive is configured as a Master
 or Slave by state of the Cable Select signal, which is pin 28 at the
 IDE-bus interface connector. Please note that pin 28 is a vendor-
 specific pin that Quantum is using for a specific purpose. More than
 one function is allocated to CS, according to the ATA CAM specifica-
 tion. If pin 28 is 0 (grounded), the drive is configured as a Master.
 If it is a 1 (high), the drive is configured as a Slave. In order to
 configure two drives in a Master/Slave realationship using the CS
 jumper, you need to use a cable that provides the proper signal
 level at pin 28 of the IDE bus connector. This allows two drives to
 operate in a Master/Slave realtionship according the drive cable
 placement.


 Drive Select Jumper
 -------------------
 You can also daisy-chain two drives on the IDE bus interface by using
 their Drive Select (DS) jumpers. To use the DS feature, the CS jumper
 must be removed.

 To configure a drive as the Master (Drive 0), a jumper must be
 installed on the DS pins.

 The Quantum Fireball TM 1.0/1.2/1.7/2.1/2.5/3.2/3.8AT hard disk
 drives are shipped from the factory as a Master (Drive 0 - DS jumper
 installed). To configure a drive as a Slave (Drive 1), the DS jumper
 must be removed. In this configuration, the spare jumper removed from
 the DS position may be stored on the SP jumper pins.

 NOTE
 The order in which drives are connected in a daisy chain has no
 significance.


 Slave Present Jumper (SP)
 -------------------------
 In combination with the current DS or CS jumper settings, the Slave
 Present (SP) jumper implements one of two possible configurations:

  - When the drive is configured as a Master (DS jumper installed or
    CS jumper installed and the Cable Select signal set to 0) the SP
    jumper indicates to the drive that a slave is present. The SP
    jumper should be installed on the Master drive only if the Slave
    drive does not use the Drive Active/Slave Present (DASP-) signal
    to indicate its presence.

  - When the drive is configured as a Slave (DS jumper not installed)
    the SP jumper position is used to store the DS jumper and will
    have no effect.

 If an error is encountered during the self-seek test, the test
 terminates.


 Jumper Parking (PK) Position
 ----------------------------
 The PK position is used as a holding place for the jumper for a slave
 drive in systems that do not support Cable Select.


 J1A/B/C  DC Power/Interface Connector
 -------------------------------------
 The drive's DC power can be applied to either section A or B.
 The IDE-bus interface (40-pin) uses section C.

                J1 AT (40-pin)/DC (4-Pin & 3-Pin)
                Combination Connector
 +----------------------------------------------------------------+
 |                                               3-Pin    4-Pin   |
 |    40-Pin AT (J1 Section C)                   DC Power DC Power|
 |   +---------------------------------------+   J1 B     J1 A    |
 |   |o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 1|  +-----+ +-------+ |
 |   |o o o o o o o o o o . o o o o o o o o o|  |o o o| |o o o o| |
 |   ++-------------------+------------------+  +3-2-1+ +4-3-2-1+ |
 +----+-------------------+---------------------------------------+
      |                   |
      Pin 40              Missing Pin
                          Pin 20

 J1 A Pin 1  +12 VDC
          2  +12 VDC Return (Ground)
          3  + 5 VDC Return (Ground)
          4  + 5 VDC


 J1 B Pin 1  + 5 VDC
          2  +12 VDC
          3  Ground



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QUANTUM  FIREBALL TM AT  PRODUCT MANUAL 81-111394-01  8/1996

 Notes On Installation
 =====================

 IDE BUS ADAPTER
 ---------------
 There are two ways you can configure a system to allow the Quantum
 Fireball TM 1.0/1.2/1.7/2.1/2.5/3.2/3.8AT hard disk drive to
 communicate over the IDE bus of an IBM or IBM-compatible PC:

  1. Connect the drive to a 40-pin IDE bus connector (if available) on
     the motherboard of the PC.

  2. Install an IDE-compatible adapter board in the PC and connect the
     drive to the adapter board.


 40-Pin IDE Bus Connector
 ------------------------
 Many of the later design PC motherboards have a built-in 40-pin IDE
 bus connector that is compatible with the 40-pin IDE interface of the
 Quantum Fireball TM 1.0/1.2/1.7/2.1/2.5/3.2/3.8AT hard disk drive. If
 the motherboard has an IDE connector, simply connect a 40-pin ribbon
 cable between the drive and the motherboard.


 Adapter Board
 -------------
 If your PC motherboard does not contain a built-in, 40-pin IDE bus
 interface connector, you must install an IDE bus adapter board and
 connecting cable to allow the drive to interface with the mother-
 board. Quantum does not supply such an adapter board, but they are
 available from several third-party vendors.


 Orientation
 -----------
 The mounting holes on the Quantum Fireball TM 1.0/1.2/1.7/2.1/2.5/
 3.2/3.8AT hard disk drive allow the drive to be mounted in any
 orientation.

 For mounting, #6-32 UNC screws are recommended.

 Caution: The PCB is very close to the mounting holes. Do not
 exceed the specified length for the mounting screws. The specified
 screw length allows full use of the mounting-hole threads, while
 avoiding damaging or placing unwanted stress on the PCB. To avoid
 stripping the mounting-hole threads, the maximum torque applied to
 the mounting screws must not exceed 8 inch-pounds. A maximum screw
 length of 0.25 inches may be used on the side mounting locations
 when a bracket of 0.040 inches minimum thickness is included.

 NOTE
 It is highly recommended that the drive is hard mounted on to the
 chassis of the system being used for general operation, as well as
 for test purposes. If, for Bench-test purposes or any other reason,
 it is not possible to mount the drive in the system chassis,
 Quantum recommends that the drive be placed on a high-density
 anti-static foam pad. Failure to use a flat and stable surface can
 result in erroneous errors during testing.


 Clearance
 ---------
 Clearance from the drive - except mounting surfaces - to any surface
 must be 0.05 inches minimum.


 Ventilation
 -----------
 The Quantum Fireball TM 1.0/1.2/1.7/2.1/2.5/3.2/3.8AT hard disk
 drives operates without a cooling fan, provided the ambient air
 temperature does not exceed 131*F (55*C).


 DC Power (J1 A and B)
 ----------------------
 The recommended mating connectors for the +5VDC and +12VDC input
 power are listed above.

 J1 A  4-Pin Connector:      AMP P/N 1-480424-0

       Loose piece contacts: AMP P/N VS 60619-4

       Strip contacts:       AMP P/N VS 61117-4

 J1 B  3-Pin Connector:      Molex P/N 5484 39-27-0032 for connector
                             housing
                             00-0031 for pins

 Power can be supplied to either J1 section A or J1 section B.
 Labels indicates the pin numbers on the connectors.


 Power Sequencing
 ----------------
 You may apply the power in any order or manner, or short or open
 either the power or power return line with no loss of data or damage
 to the disk drive. However, data may be lost in the sector being
 written at the time of power loss. The drive can withstand transient
 voltages of +10% to -100% from nominal while powering up or down.


 Drive Cable and Connector
 -------------------------
 The hard disk drive connects to the host computer by means of a
 cable. This cable contains a 40-pin connector that plug into the
 drive, and a 40-pin connector that plugs into the host computer. At
 the host end, the cable plugs into either an adapter board residing
 in a host expansion slot or an on-board IDE adapter.

 If two drives are connected by a cable with two 40-pin drive
 connectors, the cable-select feature of the Fireball TM 1.0/1.2/
 1.7/2.1/2.5/3.2/3.8AT automatically configure each as drive 0 or
 drive 1 depending on the configuration of pin 28 on the connector.


 IDE-Bus Interface Connector (J1 C)
 ----------------------------------
 On the Fireball TM 1.0/1.2/1.7/2.1/2.5/3.2/3.8AT hard disk drive,
 the IDE-bus interface cable connector (J1 section C) is a 40-pin
 Universal Header.

 To prevent the possibility of incorrect installation, has been keyed
 by removing Pin 20, which ensures that a connector cannot be
 installed upside down.


  For Systems with a Motherboard IDE Adapter
  ==========================================
  You can install the Fireball TM 1.0/1.2/1.7/2.1/2.5/3.2/3.8AT hard
  disk drive in an AT-compatible system that contains a 40-pin AT-
  bus connector on the motherboard.

  To connect the drive to the motherboard, use a 40-pin ribbon cable
  18 inches in length or shorter. Ensure that pin 1 of the drive is
  connected to pin 1 of the motherboard connector.


  For Systems with an IDE Adapter Board
  =====================================
  To install a Fireball TM 1.0/1.2/1.7/2.1/2.5/3.2/3.8AT hard disk
  drive in an AT-compatible system without a 40-pin, IDE bus connector
  on its motherboard, you need a third-party IDE-compatible adapter
  board.

  Adapter Board Installation
  --------------------------
  Carefully read the manual that accompanies your adapter board before
  installing it. Make sure that all the jumpers are set properly and
  that there are no addressing or signal conflicts. You must also
  investigate to see if your AT-compatible system contains a
  combination floppy and hard disk controller board. If it does, you
  must disable the hard disk drive controller functions on the
  controller board before proceeding.

  Once you have disabled the hard disk drive controller functions on
  the floppy/hard drive controller, install the adapter board. Again,
  make sure that you have set all jumper straps on the adapter board
  to avoid addressing and signal conflicts.


  Connecting the Adapter Board and the Drive
  ------------------------------------------
  Use a 40-pin ribbon cable to connect the drive to the board.

  1. Insert the 40-pin cable connector into the mating connector on
     the adapter board. Make sure that pin 1 of the connector matches
     with pin 1 on the cable.

  2. Insert the other end of the cable into the header on the drive.
     When inserting this end of the cable, make sure that pin 1 of
     the cable connects to pin 1 of the drive connector.

  3. Secure the drive to the system chassis by using the mounting
     screws.


 Base Casting Assembly
 ---------------------
 A single-piece aluminium-alloy base casting provides a mounting sur-
 face for the drive mechanism and PCB. The base casting also acts as
 the flange for the DC motor assembly. To provide a contamination-free
 environment for the HDA, a gasket provides a seal between the base
 casting and the metal cover that enclose the drive mechanism.


 Air Filtration
 --------------
 The Fireball TM 1.0/1.2/1.7/2.1/2.5/3.2/3.8AT hard disk drives are
 Winchester-type drives. The heads fly very close to the media
 surface. Therefore, it is essential that the air circulating within
 the drive be kept free of particles. Quantum assembles the drive in
 a Class-100, purified air environment, then seals the drive with a
 metal cover. When the drive is in use, the rotation of the disk
 forces the air inside of the drive through an internal filter.


 DC Motor Assembly
 -----------------
 Integral with the base casting, the DC motor assembly is a fixed-
 shaft, brushless DC spindle motor that drives the counter-clockwise
 rotation of the disks.


 Electrical Characteristics
 --------------------------
 All signals are transistor-transistor logic (TTL) compatible - with
 logic 1 greater than 2.0 volts and less than 5.25 volts; and logic 0
 greater than 0.0 volts and less than 0.8 volts. Neither the adapter
 board, motherboard interface, or drives require terminating
 resistors.



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                      F   E   A   T   U   R   E  S
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QUANTUM  FIREBALL TM AT  PRODUCT MANUAL 81-111394-01  8/1996

 General Description
 -------------------
 Quantum's Fireball TM AT hard disk drives are a part of a family
 of high-performance, 1-inch-high hard disk drives manufactured to
 meet the highest product quality standards.

 These hard disk drives use nonremovable, 3 -inch hard disks, and
 are available with a Small Computer System Interface (SCSI-2,3) or
 Advanced Technology (AT) interface.

 The Fireball TM AT hard disk drives feature an embedded hard
 disk drive controller and use ATA commands to optimize systems
 performance. Because the drive manages media defects and error
 recovery internally, these operations are fully transparent to the
 user.


 System Startup and Operation
 ----------------------------
 Once you have installed the Fireball TM AT hard disk drive
 and adapter board (if required) in the host system, you are ready to
 partition and format the drive for operation. To set up the drive
 correctly, follow these steps:

 1. Power on the system

 2. Run the SETUP program. This is generally on a Diagnostics or
    Utilities disk, or within the system's BIOS.

 3. Enter the appropriate parameters.

    The SETUP program allows you to enter the types of optional hard-
    ware installed - such as the hard disk drive type, the floppy disk
    drive capacity, and the display adapter type. The system's BIOS
    uses this information to initialize the system when the power is
    switched on. For instructions on how to use the SETUP program,
    refer to the system manual for your PC.

    During the AT system CMOS setup, you must enter the drive type for
    the Fireball TM AT hard disk drive. The drive supports the
    translation of its physical drive geometry parameters such as
    cylinders, heads, and sectors per track, to a logical addressing
    mode. The drive can work with different BIOS drive-type tables of
    the various host systems.

 4. Boot the system using the operating system installation disk.


 Formatted Capacity
 ------------------
 At the factory, the Fireball TM AT receives a low-level format that
 creates the actual tracks and sectors on the drive.


 Data Transfer Rates
 -------------------
 Data is transferred from the disk to the read buffer at a rate up to
 10.4 MB/s (83 Mbits/s) in burst. Data is transferred from the read
 buffer to the IDE bus at a rate up to 6.67 MB/s, using programmed I/O
 without IORDY, or at a rate of up to 16.67 MB/s using programmed I/O
 with IORDY, or at a rate of up to 16.67 MB/sec using multi-word DMA.


 Reliability
 -----------
 Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF): 400,000 Power On Hours (POH),
                                    typical usage
 Component Life:                    5 years
 Preventive Maintenance (PM):       Not required
 Start/Stop:                        40,000 cycles (minimum)

 The Quantum MTBF numbers represent Bell-Core TR-TSY-000332 MTBF
 predictions and represent the minimum MTBF that Quantum or a
 customer would expect from the drive.


 Error Detection and Correction
 ------------------------------
 As disk drive areal densities increase, obtaining extremely low error
 rate requires a new generation of sophisticated error-correction
 codes. Quantum Fireball TM AT series hard disk drives implement
 224-bit triple-burst Reed-Solomon error correction techniques to
 reduce the uncorrectable read error rate to less than one bit in 1 x
 10(14) bits read.

 When errors occur, an automatic retry and a more rigorous double-
 burst correction algorithm enable the correction of any sector with
 two burst of three incorrect bytes each or up to six multiple random
 one-byte burst errors. In addition to these advanced error correction
 capabilities, the drive's additional cross-checking code and
 algorithm double checks the main ECC correction to greatly reduce the
 probability of miscorrection.


 Automatic Actuator Lock
 -----------------------
 To ensure data integrity and prevent damage during shipment, all
 Lightning Series hard disk drives feature a dedicated landing zone
 and Quantum's patented AIRLOCK. AIRLOCK, locks the headstack in the
 landing zone. It consists of an airvane mounted near the perimeter of
 the disk stack and a locking arm that restrains the actuator arm
 assembly.

 When DC power is applied to the motor and the disk stack rotates, the
 rotation generates an airflow on the surface of the disk. As the flow
 of air across the airvane increases with disk ratation, the locking
 arm pivots away from the actuator arm, enabling the headstack to move
 out of the landing zone. When DC power is removed from the motor, a
 return mechanism automatically pulls the actuator into the landing
 zone, where the AIRLOCK holds it in place.


 Disk Caching
 ------------
 The Fireball TM AT hard disk drive incorporates DisCache, a 76K disk
 cache, to enhance drive performance. This integrated feature is
 user-programmable and can significantly improve system throughput.
 Read and write caching can be enabled or disabled by using the SET
 CONIGURATION command.


 Defect  Management
 ------------------
 The Fireball TM AT allocate two sectors per cylinder as  spares.
 In the factory, the media is scanned for defects. If a sector on a
 cylinder is found to be defective, the address of the sector is
 added to the drive's defect list. Sectors located physically sub-
 sequent to the defective sector are assigned logical block addresses
 such that a sequential ordering of logical blocks maintained. This
 inline sparing technique is employed in an attempt to eliminate slow
 data transfer that would result from a single defective sector on a
 cylinder.

 If more than two sectors is found defective on a cylinder, the inline
 sparing technique is applied to the first sector only. The remaining
 defective sectors are replaced with the nearest available spare
 sectors on nearby cylinders. Such an assignment of additional re-
 placement sectors from nearby sectors rather than having a central
 pool of spare sectors is an attempt to minimize the motion of the
 actuator and head that otherwise would be needed to find a replace-
 ment sector. The result is minimal reduction of data throughput.


 1024 Cylinder Limitation on Older Computer Systems
 --------------------------------------------------
 Because the MS-DOS operating system uses the computer's ROM BIOS to
 access the hard drive, it is limited to viewing 1,024 cylinders by
 the AT ROM BIOS. The CMOS System Setup is able to scan the total
 number of cylinders, but the BIOS is still limited to using only 1024
 cylinders. Listed below are some techniques to resolve this
 difficulty.

 - Use a third party software program that translates the hard drive
   parameters to an acceptable configuration for MS-DOS.

 - Use a hard disk controller that translates the hard drive
   parameters to an appropriate setup for both MS-DOS, and the
   computer system's ROM BIOS.


 Newer Computer Systems with Extended BIOS Translation
 -----------------------------------------------------
 Some newer computer systems allow the user to configure disk drives
 that go beyond the 528MB (528,482,304 bytes) barrier. Here are
 formulas to translate drives with a maximum capacity of 8.4 GB
 (8,422,686,720):

   xcyl = cyl * nxcyl is defined as a new cylinder translation
   xhead = head * nxhead is defined as a new head translation
   xsec = sec = 63xsec is definde as a new sector translation
   where n = 2, 4, 8, ..., a power of 2

 n is chosen to reduce the number of cylinders to be less than or
 equal to 1024. However, sectors must equal 63 and the number of heads
 cannot exceed 255.

 NOTE
 Be advised that the previous information is dependent upon the
 capabilities of the computer system, hard disk controller, and/or
 software programs. Some configurations may not provide the user with
 proper operation of the disk drive. All other documentation should be
 examined prior to installing the hard drive.


